PCR is based on the mechanisms of DNA replication.
First, the double-stranded DNA, which serves as the template in the reaction, is separated by heat.
Next, a DNA polymerase synthesizes a new daughter strand on each single strand in one direction.
By repeating these reactions continuously, a defined segment of DNA, the target, is amplified exponentially.
Further information can be found in the following AMBOSS article:
www.amboss.com/us/library#xid=gp0FKS
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Category : Reactions and Reviews